David Forsythe and Linda Novak are discussing the advantages and disadvantages of import restrictions.They state the following:

 

　　Forsythe:One of the groups that benefits from import restrictions is often the government that imposes them.

 

　　Novak:Import restrictions impose costs on specific groups,such as the country’s import industries,but these costs are more than offset by the benefits to other groups and to the economy as a whole.

 

　　With respect to these statements:

 

　　A)both are correct.

 

　　B)both are incorrect.

 

　　C)only one is correct.

 

　　Answer:C

 

　　Forsythe is correct.A primary reason why trade restrictions remain widespread is the revenue that governments receive from tariffs.Novak is incorrect.Trade restrictions benefit specific groups,such as workers in the protected industries,but those benefits are most often less than the costs imposed on consumers and other industries as a whole.

 

　　解析：

 

　　F说，有一个群体受益于进口限制，是政府；N说，进口限制增加了成本在一个特殊的群体，就像是国家的进口产业，但是这些（进口限制带来的）成本会多于（进口限制）给其他群体带来的利益，也会使得国家总成本多于经济总收益。

 

　　这题考的是宏观经济的进口限制，类似关税等手段。

 

　　进口限制的原因是国家为了保护部分产业而做出的限制政策。

 

　　进口限制的效果是某一特殊群体收益（进口限制所在的产业），其他群体受损，损失大于收益，政府收益，但只能挽回部分损失，社会总福利损失。

 

　　所以，F是对的，政府在其中收益，N是错的，不是一个群体的成本多于给其他所有群体的收益，而是一个群体的收益少于给其他所有群体的成本。